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The most important thing is to formulate various norms and train corresponding employees.
The specification refers to some western exchange systems, such as Amsterdam exchange and London exchange, where the main commodities are listed for auction.
There is also a propaganda to the exchange, asking major businessmen to enter the exchange for trade, and so on. Hurd did not take this seriously. He understood that after the exchange was completed, there must be a large number of businessmen coming to trade, but this is China, and he still doesn’t know much about it.
He invited many businessmen, focusing on those who almost monopolized the tea trade, but on the contrary, these people were the least enthusiastic and simple, because they were in an advantageous position, and no one wanted to change when they were poor.
On the contrary, those casual traders are more enthusiastic about whether China or foreign countries need a fair trading channel for them. Small businessmen in China are worried that they can’t find a good buyer. Foreign casual traders are worried that there is no stable supply. Therefore, they are the ones who need the platform of the exchange most. They are a platform and have little demand for the exchange.
Hurd printed the rules and regulations of the exchange into a beautiful picture book, which was not only given to those businessmen who traded in Xin ‘an, but also distributed it to Hong Kong and Macao, and advertised it through newspapers.
Everything is ready. On April 2 nd, firecrackers exploded in the Xin’ an Stock Exchange.
Zhu Jinglun was there in person, and those big businessmen and ocean traders also sold their faces one after another. Congratulations were not enthusiastic, that is, just to see.
There are no resources in the hands of bulk merchants. On the first day, everyone is still unfamiliar with the rules. It is a tentative order. The trading volume is very limited. One day, there are 500 kilograms of tea, three loads of crows and ten packs of cotton and four loads of raw silk. The transaction amount is less than 2,000.
Hurd, this is a place where big traders trade. It is impossible for the exchange to have no business.
However, he still underestimated the special national conditions of China, and in a short time, China businessmen played hidden rules.
The reason why they are not willing to trade on the exchange is that the exchange will take one thousandth of each transaction, and the small businessmen are careful not to pay the money, but they are not Hong Kong businessmen or Ocean Bank, and there is no pricing, so they take some special measures to directly trade with foreign traders outside the exchange as a reference. As a result, the exchange has not gone, but the over-the-counter trading has become more frequent. The exchange is equivalent to giving businessmen a reference standard and expanding the original trading in the temple market.
Hurd really can’t do anything about this situation. After all, he is a diplomat who is familiar with shipping and has unique views on administration. He really doesn’t know much about this kind of businessman means.
However, the exchange is still in the process of improvement. Hurd has a good habit of listening to other people’s suggestions. He heard from some foreign businessmen that he is very worried about the integrity of small businessmen in China. Sometimes things happen. Hurd thinks the exchange can do this.
So he hired some experienced tea merchants to grade and grade the tea, and the exchange inspected it and collected some inspection.
This is welcomed by businessmen, both China businessmen and foreign businessmen like to operate under the rules. That kind of businessman is just making quick money and speculation is not mainstream.
Because both sides need the exchange, the trading volume of the exchange has rebounded for a while, but it has fallen soon. Small businessmen really don’t have this kind of grading professional ability, but after they have established a relatively strong mutual trust with some businessmen, they are opportunistic.
For example, they don’t take all their goods to the exchange, take some samples firmly, so as to save identification, and then take samples to determine the price with their own customers, and they are still trading over the counter.
Zhu Jinglun noticed this matter, and he suggested that Hurd simply forget it for the time being. After cultivating the trading habits of the market and businessmen, he decided whether to accept the standard. Zhu Jinglun thought that some later generations of startups subsidized for market share.
However, Hurd is obstinately opposed. He insists on charging a certain amount. He believes that the exchange is a fair trade and professional place. If it cannot be accepted by businessmen, it means that the exchange has no value at all and should not be run.
Zhu Jinglun is too lazy to talk to him. Anyway, in Zhu Jinglun’s view, even over-the-counter trading is a trading export, and the value is not their trading value, but the price reference made by the bureau appraisers is also the average price of the exchange for a period of time.
Hurd, on the other hand, has been focusing on the exchange recently. He is determined to do a good job in this exchange.
At the beginning of May, he adopted the standardized contract system and built ten warehouses near the wharf, requiring traders in the exchange to send the goods directly to the warehouses for packaging, sorting and design, and then send them standard manifests of corresponding grades, and then the buyers will take these manifests to the exchange for listing and trading, and then take the manifests directly to the warehouse.
This way is more complicated, but the advantage is that the direct contact between the buyer and the seller is interrupted. The seller takes the standardized bill of lading to the root of the goods, so he doesn’t know who his goods are. The buyer also directly delivers the goods to the exchange warehouse, and finally he may not know who took their goods.
Therefore, buying and selling has become a standard bill of lading contract, and the trading exchange has become the only middleman between buyers and sellers.
Hurd is confident that buyers and sellers will accept this form. He believes that high quality has been exchanged in it. First of all, it is to standardize and grade the suppliers and subcontract them. The sellers and buyers get the certificates of quality suppliers with standard weights.
The most important thing is that buyers can make a one-time direct sale regardless of the quantity of goods. For some businessmen, putting them in the exchange warehouse is equivalent to making a sale, because they can choose to trade immediately or wait and see with the bill, without worrying about the loss of goods in the warehouse, which is equivalent to giving buyers a warehouse so that they don’t have to rent the warehouse themselves to bear the extra burden.
For the exchange, although there are goods coming in and out every day, there is little change in the warehouse cost due to the fluctuation of the goods volume in the warehouse. Unless a large number of merchants do not ship at the same time, the goods base in the warehouse can remain flat, so the warehouse achievement will not be too great
At the same time, Hurd also went to the additional appraisal to make businessmen more willing to attract the appraisal of the goods, and they would put the goods into the exchange warehouse in exchange for the bill of lading.
Hurd believes that in this way, businessmen trade on the exchange first, except for off-exchange transactions, second, the speed of import and export of the exchange is more efficient, and third, the warehouse is saved. He believes that whether the buyer or the seller is now trading on the exchange is lower than before, and there is no reason not to trade on the exchange.
At the end of May, Hurd was very happy that the volume of exchange transactions increased by 10% compared with the previous month, and he was very happy to report or show off to Zhu Jinglun. However, Zhu Jinglun was temporarily indifferent to Hurd’s efforts at this time, because June was coming to Britain, and the messenger of contract change was coming soon.
Section one hundred and twenty-three Swedish advisory group
In history, due to the disagreement between Britain and France on the procedure of changing the contract of the Tiangong Treaty, the British and French allied forces invaded Tiangong, and the second Dagukou Campaign broke out. Sengqin won this battle, but Britain and France sent new reinforcements and officially declared war on the Qing court. Only then will a real war be fought.
In order to ensure that they will not pose a threat to Guangdong after the declaration of war between Britain and France, Zhu Jinglun’s forts need to be completed, but now there is no news from the Swedes, and this matter has now become a top priority for Zhu Jinglun.
In mid-May, to be exact, on May 16th, 159, Erjin came to Hong Kong again. This time, he brought the Tiangong Treaty, which was stamped by the King of England, to exchange contracts with the Qing court.
There is a certain process for signing a diplomatic treaty. First, after the representatives of the two sides reach an agreement through negotiation, they will send two bilingual documents to their respective supreme institutions, and then exchange the documents after signing or stamping their respective monarchs, just as after signing a contract in pairs in the future, they will send back one copy to each other to ensure that the agreements in both hands are valid.
Therefore, this involves a question of contract exchange. Now Elgin has a British sealed treaty in his hand. He will exchange the treaty signed by the Qing court to ensure that the document has not been tampered with by the other party. It is often necessary to check it face to face and then exchange it, so that it will take effect.
Erjin still can’t go directly to Beijing, and at the time of hi negotiations, Gui Liang and others finally refused to allow foreigners’ envoys to stay in Beijing, at the expense of suggesting that China could give up taxes and allow foreigners to enter freely.
Erkin also acquiesced at that time and stipulated in the after-care regulations that the British minister could be stationed in Hi, but he could go to Beijing at any time if he had something to do. Theoretically speaking, they should go to Beijing according to the regulations.
On May 19th, when the Institute arrived in Hong Kong, it sent a note expressing the hope of going to Beijing to exchange contracts. As a result, the Qing court replied that Gui Liang, Hua Shana, Gui Qing and Duan Chengshi were already waiting.
Elgin method can go to Hi to negotiate with the four imperial envoys first, but this time Gui Liang just refused to allow Elgin to arrive in Hi on June 6 and the next day on June 7, French Minister Bourboulon also arrived in Hi. The representatives of Britain and France hoped to go to beijing to personally meet Emperor Xianfeng and personally deliver the country, but Gui Liang and others just refused to insist that foreigners were here to change the contract, and the same was true.
However, at this time, the representatives of Britain and France heard that the Russians first exchanged the Sino-Russian Peace Treaty with the Qing court in beijing. In fact, where to exchange contracts? Britain and France are not so stubborn. But why can the Russians exchange contracts in Beijing, Britain can’t go to France? This kind of unequal British law accepts Elgin, and the negotiations with Gui Liang are directly interrupted. It is not so easy for the British to refuse to agree to the French. They immediately decided to go to Tianjing with the British to take troops to take a warship.
So, where to change the appointment and talk about the procedure, the two sides talked about the collapse of the British and French Coalition forces leading troops to the North, and a big war was inevitable.
Zhu Jinglun has always been concerned about the Anglo-French allied forces. Although he remembers clearly what happened during this period, who knows if history will change? Now the situation is very different from history. Guangzhou should have been occupied by the Anglo-French allied forces, but it has always been the largest trading port, which is not only of great significance but also of high status. Who knows if such a major change will affect the historical process?
Zhu Jinglun sent back information from Hongkong every day, and learned that Erjin and Gui Liang had broken down. Zhu Jinglun knew that the historical trend had not changed, and there would be a bigger crisis waiting for him. Whether he responded well or not might determine whether he could fundamentally change the destiny of the country and the nation.
Apart from being in a mood to report the progress, Zhu Jinglun is bent on training, and he can’t guarantee whether he will have self-protection in the event of a fight. During this period, he let the soldiers practice with live ammunition, not to mention that more than 200 rifles have been broken.
The news from Hong Kong has been sent back for a long time, and most of them are not accurate. Zhu Jinglun has not heard the news that the British and French Coalition forces fought with the Qing army in Tianzhu, but he accidentally got a news from Sweden.
A cargo ship from Britain to Hong Kong arrived in Hong Kong on June 25th. More than three Swedes came from this cargo ship. They changed to a Hamburg merchant ship from Hong Kong to Xin ‘an and landed in Xin ‘an. After landing, they found the Xin ‘an Bureau. Hurd held a letter and asked for Zhu Jinglun, the magistrate of Xin ‘an County.
The letter reached Zhu Jinglun through Hurd. The letter was written by Adolf Campbell. These Swedes were Adolf who helped to hire Swedish consultants.
Zhu Jinglun and other Swedish consultants have been waiting for the fire, but he is still curious that these people can come so soon. Rationally, he told him that this is not reasonable. He reached an agreement with Adolf Campbell last year. The other party will return to Sweden and then recruit people. It has been more than half a year since Zhu Jinglun actually made plans to wait for a year.
At the first time, I warmly received the Swedes. By the way, I realized that Adolf’s rushing back to Sweden day and night after he set sail from China was also due to luck. Besides stopping at the necessary ports to add coal and water, Adolf didn’t delay.
As a result, they returned to Sweden at the end of February and quickly said that the efficiency of the Swedish government would not be low if there was an official presence. Therefore, these consultants left Sweden at the beginning of March to buy the fastest ferry ticket and transited to India. They also took a boat to transport crows and flying shears, which is famous for its design and smuggling. As a result, they arrived in Xin’ an before July.
In fact, Zhu Jinglun still greatly underestimated the potential of transportation in this era. When the Second Raven War just started, Elgin was ordered to leave for China for more than four months, and he arrived in Hong Kong on July 2. The speed was faster than that of the Swedes for more than half a month, but this speed was the ultimate speed and the military demand, and the Swedes were civilian ships, so it can be said that they were very serious.
Looking at the tall Nordic men, Zhu Jinglun suddenly realized that these people were not ordinary people, and Zhu Jinglun judged that these people were all soldiers from their casual walking, sitting and lying.
"Charlie?"
Zhu Jinglun said to the head of the advisory group who tried to keep a natural look in front of his face
"Yes, sir!"
Wearing a fishy dovetail, Charlie nodded and looked serious.
"Are you an architect?"
Zhu jinglun asked again
In his letter, Adolf briefly introduced the basic information of his recruitment of this advisory group, among which he never knew that these people were soldiers. Obviously, the Swedes knew more about China, and they still had some concerns that they would be involved in the conflicts between China and Britain and France if they ruled out the advisory group.